[4][5] Ibn Ishaq also produced 36 of his own books, 21 of which covered the field of medicine. His father, Ishaq, was a pharmacist at Hira. Hunayn ibn Ishaq was one of the most well-known translators at the institution and was called "the sheikh of the translators, as he mastered the four principal languages of the time: Greek, Persian, Arabic, and Syriac. Authors . Hunayn Ibn Ishaq (809–73), one of the most prolific early medieval translators of classical works, rendered hundreds of Greek volumes into Syriac and Arabic. Hunayn ibn Ishaq (Johannitius) 808-873 Arab Scholar and Physician H unayn ibn Ishaq, known in the West as Johannitius, is important primarily for his work as a translator: it was through his efforts that numerous writings from ancient Greece, which he translated into Arabic, were preserved. Hunayn ibn Ishaq was a Nestorian Christian mathematician who is most important as a translator, making Greek works available to the Islamic mathematicians. [4] He has also been suggested by François Viré to be the true identity of the Arabic falconer Moamyn, author of De Scientia Venandi per Aves. Arab Christian.jpg 432 × 600; 263 KB. Hunayn Ibn Ishaq (809–73), one of the most prolific early medieval translators of classical works, rendered hundreds of Greek volumes into Syriac and Arabic. When asked why he would rather be killed than make the drug, Hunayn explained the physician's oath required him to help, and not harm, his patients. Some of his medical works were pulled from Greek sources such as, Fi Awja al-Ma'idah (On Stomach Ailments) and al-Masail fi’l-Tibb li’l-Muta’allimin (Questions on Medicine for Students) and having these sources to drawn on keeps the original text clear. [3] In his lifetime, ibn Ishaq translated 116 works, including Plato's Timaeus, Aristotle's Metaphysics, and the Old Testament, into Syriac and Arabic. Hunayn ibn Ishaq repeatedly rejected the Caliph's generous offers, saying he would need time to develop a poison. History of science 27.2 (1989): 199–209. [22], In Hunayn ibn Ishaq's lifetime, he devoted himself to working on a multitude of writings; both translations and original works. Sefer Musré ha-Filosofim (Book of the Morals of the Philosophers), Hebrew translation of the Judeo-Andalusian poet, Juda ben Shlomo Al-Jarisi (1170–1235). Hunayn ibn Ishaq al-Ibadi (also Hunain or Hunein) ( Arabic: أبو زيد حنين بن إسحاق العبادي; ʾAbū Zayd Ḥunayn ibn ʾIsḥāq al-ʿIbādī, Latin: Iohannitius, Syriac: ܚܢܝܢ ܒܪ ܐܝܣܚܩ) (809–873) was an influential Arab Nestorian Christian translator, scholar, physician, and scientist. Cheshm manuscript.jpg 450 × 600; 134 KB. He was a Christian Arab from al-Ḥīra (al-Hirah). Ishaq ibn Hunayn Hunayn ibn Ishaq (also Hunain or Hunein) ( Syriac : ܚܢܝܢ ܒܪ ܐܝܣܚܩ , Arabic : أبو زيد حنين بن إسحاق العبادي ; J. He discusses the nature of cysts and tumors, and the swelling they cause. History of Islamic Philosophy. During the apex of the Islamic Abbasid era, he worked with a group of translators, among whom were Abū 'Uthmān al-Dimashqi, Ibn Mūsā al-Nawbakhti, and Thābit ibn Qurra, to translate books of philosophy and classical Greek and Persian texts into Arabic and Syriac. Vol. Disappointed, the caliph imprisoned his physician for a year. The Cambridge Illustrated History of Medicine. p. 16.:"The latter was succeeded by one of his students, the famous and prolific Hunayn ibn Ishaq (194/ 809—260/ 873), who was born at al-Hirah into a family belonging to the Christian Arab tribe of the 'Ibad. Rashed, Roshdi. 2002 May;68(5):497-9. [7] Building empires is not what they were building towards, but rather scholars preferred to move towards building a civilization. Hunayn ibn Ishaq (also Hunain or Hunein) (Syriac: ܚܢܝܢ ܒܪ ܐܝܣܚܩ, Arabic: أبو زيد حنين بن إسحاق العبادي; ’Abū Zayd Ḥunayn ibn ’Isḥāq al-‘Ibādī; Latin: Iohannitius) (809 – 873) was a famous and influential scholar, physician, and scientist of Arab Christian descent. [9][10][11][12][13][14] Hunayn in classical sources is said to have belonged to the ʿIbad, thus his nisba "al-Ibadi. ", Grmek, Mirko D.; Fantini, Bernardino (1998). 1978. Ḥunayn ibn Isḥāq, in full Ḥunayn ibn Isḥāq al-Ibādī, Latin name Johannitius, (born 808, al-Ḥīrah, near Baghdad, Iraq—died 873, Baghdad), Arab scholar whose translations of Plato, Aristotle, Galen, Hippocrates, and the Neoplatonists made accessible to Arab philosophers and scientists the significant sources of Greek thought and culture. Instead, he would try to summarize the topics of the original texts and then in a new manuscript paraphrase it in Syriac or Arabic. Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Westen Cultures. [22], Hunayn translated writings on agriculture, stones, and religion and also some of Plato's and Aristotle's works, in addition to commentaries. He studied Greek and became known among the Arabs as the "Sheikh of the translators". "The sheikh of the translators." Khalil Samir, “Maqālat Ḥunayn ibn Isḥāq fī ‘Kayfīyat idrāk ḥaqīqat al-diyāna’,” al-Mashriq 71.2 (1997), 345–63; see also Paul Sbath, Vingt traités philosophiques et apologétique d’auteurs arabes chrétiens du IXeau XIVesiècle(Cairo: H. Friedrich and Co., 1929), 181–5. 67. The House of Wisdom was an institution where Greek works were translated and made available to scholars. The thirteenth‐century medical historian, Ibn Abī Uṣaybi˓a, author of the book ˓Uyūn al‐Anbā˒ fī Ṭabaqāt al‐Aṭibbā(Sources of Information about the Classes of Physicians), gives a lively account of the difficulties that confronted Hunayn as a student of medicine. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. [15][16] The ʿIbad was an Arab community composed of different Arab tribes that had once converted to Nestorian Christianity and lived in al-Hira. In the Abbasid era, a new interest in extending the study of Greek science had arisen. [4][30], "al-Ibadi" redirects here. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Sufism in the Secret History of Persia. [29] Also in Chemistry a book titled ['An Al-Asma'] meaning "About the Names", did not reach researchers but was used in "Dictionary of Ibn Bahlool" of the 10th century. Ḥunayn was a Nestorian Christian who studied medicine in Baghdad and became well versed in ancient Greek. Corrections? Eastwood, Bruce. [26], With the construction of the House of Wisdom, the Abbasid Caliph al Ma'mun wanted to have a place to gather world knowledge from Muslim and non-Muslim educators. [1] Omissions? Carnegie Institution of Washington. Abū Yaʿqūb Isḥāq ibn Ḥunayn (Arabic: إسحاق بن حنين ) (c. 830 Baghdad, – c. 910-1) was an influential Arab physician and translator, known for writing the first biography of physicians in the Arabic language.He is also known for his translations of Euclid's Elements and Ptolemy's Almagest.He is the son of the famous translator Hunayn Ibn Ishaq. Hunayn ibn Ishaq exemplifies characteristics of a faithful translator. MM07845 University of Ottawa (Canada), 1995, Esposito, John L. (2000). Updates? In the West, another name he is known by his Latin name, Joannitius. "Hunayn Ibn Ishaq". and Aristotle (384-322 b.c. "Ten Treatises on Ophthalmology" demonstrates the skills Hunayn ibn Ishaq had not just as a translator and a physician, but also as a surgeon. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 1190–1191, MV Coll' orient, 1593, Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine and Sciences, Nadim (al-), Abū al-Faraj Muḥammad ibn Isḥāq, Académie des inscriptions et belles lettres, "A medieval fallacy: the crystalline lens in the center of the eye", "Dimitri Gutas: Greek Thought, Arabic Culture: The Graeco‐Arabic Translation Movement in Baghdad and Early Ábbasid Society (Second–Fourth/Eighth–Tenth Centuries)", "Isḥāq ibn Ḥunayn: Abū Yaҁqūb Isḥāq ibn Ḥunayn ibn Isḥāq al-ҁIbādī", My Syriac and Arabic translations of Galen, "Ḥunain Ibn Isḥāq: An Arab Scholar Translating into Syriac", "The Purported Autobiography of Ḥunayn ibn Isḥāq", "The Process of Origin and Growth of the Islamic Medicine: The Role of the Translators. The caliph tested Hunayn's ethics as a physician by asking him to formulate a poison, to be used against a foe, in exchange for a large sum. Routledge. Although al-Hira was known for commerce and banking, and his father was a pharmacist, Hunayn went to Baghdad in order to study medicine. At that time, there was a vast amount of untranslated ancient Greek literature pertaining to philosophy, mathematics, natural science, and medicine. Prometheus Books. He worked on Arabic grammar and lexicography. A Glimpse on the Figure of Hunayn bin Ishaq", "A foundation of western ophthalmology in medieval Islamic medicine", "Ethno-ophthalmology in the Egyptian delta: An historical systems approach to ethnomedicine in the middle east", Aprim, Fred "Hunein Ibn Ishak – (809–873 or 877)", "Hunayn Ibn Ishaq Al-'Ibadi, Abu Zaydonar Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography", Commentary on Anatomy in Avicenna's Canon, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hunayn_ibn_Ishaq&oldid=1019115922, 9th-century people of the Abbasid Caliphate, Members of the Assyrian Church of the East, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia articles with CINII identifiers, Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with TDVİA identifiers, Wikipedia articles with Trove identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with multiple identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, "Kitab ila Aglooqan fi Shifa al Amraz" – This Arabic translation, related to Galen's Commentary, by Hunayn ibn Ishaq, is extant in the Library of, De locis affectis De pulsibus (four treatises), Kitab Adab al-Falasifa, original Arabic lost, known in medieval translation, Libro de Los Buenos Proverbios (Castilian Spanish). 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