The President is the constitutional head of the state while the Prime Minister is the head of the Executive. In 1956, the year the states of India were reorganised on the basis of language, the Parliament of Sri Lanka (then Ceylon) introduced an Act recognising Sinhala as the sole official language of the country. The Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) was set up 1954 as executive agency for implementing the atomic energy programmes. India’s territory is 2.4 per cent of the world’s area. The main objectives of the Planning Commission were: To achieve higher level of national and per capita income. In 1956, India's first nuclear reactor in Trombay near Bombay (first in Asia also) began to function. The Indian judiciary system consists of the Supreme Court at the centre and High Courts in the states. India has also evinced interest in space research. They live in large houses and dine in expensive restaurants, send their children to expensive private schools and take expensive foreign holidays. we have a Muslim minority who are so large in numbers that they cannot, even if they want, go anywhere else. Shopping. She is the first Indian woman to win an Olympic medal,a bronze medal for weightl... Blogger Template created by Deluxe Templates, modified by Melwin Ambatt | Free Wordpress Themes by NeoEase|. Answer: (a) 29 countries. On 15 December 1952, fifty-eight days into his fast, Potti Sriramulu died. As a result of Partition, 8 million refugees had come into the country from what was now Pakistan. State whether true or false: (a) At independence, the majority of Indians lived in villages. By contrast, India has managed to survive as a single nation, in part because the many regional languages were given freedom to flourish. India’s population in 1947 was large, almost 345million. The effects of Green Revolution were notable in the north-western region of Punjab, Haryana and western U.P., Andhra Pradesh, parts of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. With great skill and masterful diplomacy Sardar Vallabhai Patel succeeded in integrating the princely states with the Indian union by 15 August 1947. The INSAT - 1A and the INSAT - 1B served country's need in the field of telecommunications and meteorological earth observations. Nehru outlined the five principles of coexistence or. But it has not been a failure either. India After Independence. Ambedkar was appointed as the Chairman of the Drafting Committee. To the problem of unity was added the problem of development. This was a revolutionary step – for never before had Indians been allowed to choose their own leaders. This formidable task was fulfilled by the, The Linguistic Reorganization of the States, In 1948, the first Linguistic Provinces Commission headed by S.K. One member of the Constituent Assembly, H.J. You engaged us in your service to serve your own ends and suppressed us to such an extent that neither our minds nor our bodies and nor even our hearts work, nor are we able to march forward. When opposition to her rule gathered momentum in 1975, she brought emergency rule, a black mark in the democratic tradition of India. The Defence of India Act passed in December 1962 by the government to stay prepared for wars like these. Some parts of India and some groups of Indians have benefited a great deal from economic development. Later in May 1991, he was assassinated (by the Sri Lankan Tamil extremists). He developed the basic principles of India's foreign policy. Changes in India Since Independence. India’s population in 1947 was large, almost 345 million. In 1983 she undertook 'Blue Star Operation' in the Golden Temple at Amritsar - Punjab. Atal Bihari Vajpayee became the Prime Minister of India in 1998. The finance minister Dr. Manmohan Singh's role in this sphere is worth noting. In that year of freedom, India Post issued three beautiful stamps. During his tenure he decided to implement the Mandal Commission Report which provided reservation for other backward classes. In politics we will be recognising the principle of one man one vote and one value. India’s population has tripled since independence. India had also played an active role in the UN peacekeeping forces in various parts of the world. (a) 29 countries (b) Less than 20 countries (c) More than 100 countries (d) 100 countries. Dar was appointed by the Constituent Assembly to enquire into the possibility of linguistic provinces. He ended the Indo-Pak war of 1965 by concluding the, When India became independent in 1947, it was gripped by mass poverty, unemployment, illiteracy, static agriculture, poorly developed industries and inadequate infrastructure. Its ruler was Raja Hari Singh. Judged by the standards it set itself at Independence, the Republic of India has not been a great success. Contrary to the fears of Jawaharal Nehru and Sardar Patel, linguistic states have not threatened the unity of India. LOOKINGATTHEFUTURE After Independence India has emerged as a stable democracy that participates actively in world affairs . There is a free press, as well as an independent judiciary. However, after independence the Congress did not take any steps to honour this promise due to fear of furher divisionism. In the 1999 elections the National Democratic Alliance under the leadership of Vajpayee formed the government. Sivagnanam to retain Tiruttani with Madras was a memorable event in the history of Tamil Nadu. The Prime Minister is the leader of the party that has a majority in the Lok Sabha. and Private Sector companies come in to existence. After 1947, India began to follow an independent foreign policy. December 15, 2020 by Kishen. However, the Indian Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, was of the opinion that India could not and must not become a “Hindu Pakistan”. This commission advised against such a step. A States Reorganisation Commission was set up, which submitted its report in 1956, recommending the redrawing of district and provincial boundaries to form compact provinces of Assamese, Bengali, Oriya, Tamil, Malayalam, Kannada and Telugu speakers respectively. After almost seven decades of Independence, India has emerged as the third largest producer of electricity in Asia. At the time of Independence there were 11 British provinces and nearly 566 princely states. Whatever the provocation from Pakistan and whatever the indignities and horrors inflicted on non-Muslims there, we have got to deal with this minority in a civilised manner. Independent India took its birth by facing many challenges. After a detailed discussion, the Constitution of India was finally adopted on 26th November 1949. The practice of untouchability, described as a “slur and a blot” on the “fair name of India”, was abolished. But this policy of staying away from alliances was not a matter of remaining “isolated” or “neutral”. They had no facilities and comforts of life. This article throws light on different stages of Dalit movement in India and contributions of leaders for the movement. If the divisions between different sections of India were not healed, they could result in violent and costly conflicts – high castes fighting with low castes, Hindus with Muslims and soon. Conclusion. Following are some important features of the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Bill, 2011, passed by Parliament on Jan 18, 2013. He was the architect of the Non-aligned Movement during the Cold War era. He encouraged planning for, rapid industrial and agricultural growth. He remained a role model for honesty in public life. Like-i. Lifting India and Indians out of poverty, and building a modern technical and industrial base were among the major objectives of the new nation. His period witnessed two important events. The Constituent Assembly spent many days discussing the powers of the central government versus those of the state governments. In 1956, the Second Five Year Plan was formulated. India has set an example for less advanced countries that are trying to make progress . The problems of the refugees and of the princely states had to be addressed immediately. At the time of Independence, most of the Indian people led a miserable life. In 1953, Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru appointed the States Reorganization Commission with Justice Fazal Ali as its chairman and Pandit Hridayanath Kunzru and Sardar K.M. Manyforeign observers had felt that India could not survive as a single country, that it would break up into many parts, with each region or linguistic group seeking to form a nation of its own. His work is praised and criticized by many. He was from the state of Karnataka. The Department of Science and Technology (DST) which was set up in 1971 has been assigned the responsibility of formulating science policy. India plays an active role in international bodies such as the Common Wealth and the United Nations Organization. The Constitution sought to balance between centre and states power by providing three lists of subjects: a Union List, with subjects such as taxes, defence and foreign affairs, which would be the exclusive responsibility of the Centre; a State List of subjects, such as education and health, which would be taken care of principally by the states; a Concurrent List, under which would come subjects such as forests and agriculture, in which the Centre and the states would have joint responsibility. India is a developing country, Many problems faced by india after independence . This set of stamps was issued on 21st November 1947. Ans. Credit for the political integration of India is largely attributed to Vallabhbhai Patel (deputy Prime Minister of India at the time), who post-independence and before the death of Mahatma Gandhi teamed up with Jawaharlal Nehruand the Mahatma to ensure that the constitution of independent India … In the longer term, the new nation had to adopt a political system that would best serve the hopes and expectations of its population. True. The former means remaining aloof from world affairs whereas non-aligned countries such as India played an active role in mediating between the American and Soviet alliances. Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru, who was also the foreign minister of newly independent India, developed free India’s foreign policy in this context. They pointed to the example of Pakistan, a country created explicitly to protect and further the interests of a particular religious community – the Muslims. There was increase in oil price. In our social and economic life, we shall, by reason of our social and economic structure, continue to deny the principle of one man one value. His government was marked by factionalism, and he was forced to resign in 1990. On the other hand, deep divisions persist. Nehru outlined the five principles of coexistence or Panch Sheel for conducting relations among countries. Rajiv Gandhi became the Prime Minister of India in 1984 after her mother Indira Gandhi's assassination. As a result, unfortunately, she was shot dead by her own bodyguards in 1984 as a vengeance to her policy towards Punjab militancy. At independence, the majority of Indians lived in villages. The large Hindi -speaking region of north India was broken up into several states. The meetings of this “Constituent Assembly” were held in New Delhi, but the participants came from all over India, and from different political parties. ii. There was a broad agreement on what was called a “mixed economy” model. False. After the Independence in 1947, the most immediate and important tasks before the Indian leaders were the drafting of the constitution and the integration of Indian states into the Indian union. The integration of around 600 princely states and the reorganization of states were other problems faced by independent India. A New and Divided Nation: After Independence, India faced a series of enormous challenges. Farmers and peasants depended on the monsoon for their survival. After the elections of 1996, Atal Bihari Vajpayee became Prime Minister from the BJP party but he was not able to prove majority in the Parliament. However, for one reason or another, many non-aligned countries including India got involved in wars. It is advised to the candidates to refer to hard copy of this india since independence book, it can be bought from local bookstore or this book can also be bought from the online platform. The Atomic Energy Commission was set up in August 1948 under the chairmanship of Homi J. Baba to formulate a policy for all atomic energy activities in the country. In June 1991 P. V. Narasimha Rao became Prime Minister. The Constitution came into effect on 26, The President is the constitutional head of the state while the Prime Minister is the head of the Executive. The coordinated approach of the Indian forces along with Mukti Bahini ultimately led to the liberation of Bangladesh (East Pakistan) in December 1971 India is maintaining friendly relations right from the birth of Bangladesh in 1971. It was only during the Second Five Year Plan (1956-61) Prof. P.C. Speaking in the Assembly, T.T. In numbers that they can not go beyond the conditions of his present.. And six Union territories Nizam surrendered IITs were set up with German help and nearly 566 princely states the... Of state and the huge outlay to the UN between 1952 and 1962 and for. 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